When most people think of dementia, they picture memory loss in older adults. But did you know dementia can also affect people in their 30s, 40s, and 50s? This is called early-onset dementia (or younger-onset dementia), and it often looks a little different than the typical forgetfulness we associate with aging.
According to Alzheimer’s Society, dementia is not a single disease but a collection of symptoms caused by brain conditions that affect memory, thinking, and behavior. In younger adults, it can sometimes sneak in unnoticed because the signs don’t always start with memory problems.
Professor June Andrews, a leading dementia specialist, explained to MailOnline that symptoms can vary depending on lifestyle and responsibilities, but there are five early red flags you should watch out for:
1. Constant Trouble Following Instructions
We all zone out sometimes, but if you consistently find it difficult to follow directions at work, home, or even while cooking a recipe, it could be more than just being tired. Andrews compares it to feeling sleep-deprived—except it happens all the time.
2. Tasks Taking Way Longer Than They Should
If everyday tasks that once felt easy now drag on endlessly, it might be an early sign of cognitive decline. Struggling with basic routines at work, like finishing assignments or meeting deadlines, is another red flag.
3. Sudden Struggles With Numbers
Math might not be everyone’s strong suit, but a sudden decline in numeracy skills is worth paying attention to. Someone who was once quick at mental calculations—whether balancing a budget or figuring out a tip—may start finding it unusually difficult.
The professor said struggling with numbers or mental calculations is a red flag. Credit: GCShutter / Getty
As Andrews explains, a mathematician with dementia may still outperform many people in math, but compared to their own past ability, the decline is obvious.
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4. Personality or Behavior Changes
One of the most surprising symptoms is a shift in personality. In cases like frontotemporal dementia, people may lose social filters—swearing more, saying inappropriate things, or making rude comments without realizing. If someone starts behaving out of character, it may not just be a “bad mood.”
5. Skipping Steps in Daily Routines
Routines like getting dressed, brushing teeth, or making breakfast usually follow a natural order. With dementia, people may start skipping or mixing up steps. In some cases, individuals have even been spotted leaving the house in pajamas.
This disruption in everyday habits is a strong sign that cognitive processing may be affected.
👉 While these symptoms can sometimes be linked to stress, menopause, or other health conditions, if they’re persistent, it’s important to seek medical advice. Dementia symptoms vary widely, and catching them early can make a big difference.
It’s recommended that you see a doctor if you display any of the symptoms. Credit: Tetra Images / Getty
For more information and resources, check out the Alzheimer’s Society or talk to your healthcare provider.
✅ Key Takeaway
Early-onset dementia isn’t just about memory loss. If you notice ongoing struggles with instructions, tasks, numbers, personality changes, or daily routines, don’t ignore it. Awareness is the first step to getting help.
